Franchise Unit Economics & Item 19 Reset
How a fast-growing fitness franchisor cleaned up studio P&Ls, standardized unit economics, and rebuilt Item 19 so development could sell growth with confidence.
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70+ franchised locations
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Studio P&Ls standardized across the system
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New, defensible Item 19 built from live data
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Clear playbook for “what good looks like” at the unit level
Client Snapshot
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Brand type: Boutique fitness franchisor
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Stage: ~70 locations open / 40+ in development
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Model: Franchise royalties + marketing & tech funds
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Engagement: Fractional CFO & franchise finance advisory (Item 19 + unit economics)
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Systems: QBO (multiple files), franchise royalty platform, Excel “master” files
The Situation​
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Development was doing its job—discovery days were full, leads were coming in, new markets were signing.
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But behind the scenes:
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Studio P&Ls were all over the place.
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No one could clearly answer “What does a healthy studio look like?”
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The current Item 19 was built off a mix of old cohorts and hand-picked locations.
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Franchisees, candidates, and private equity all asked the same question:
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“Are these numbers real—and repeatable?”
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The leadership team knew they needed a clean, defensible story for unit economics—grounded in real data, not anecdotes.
Key Challenges
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Inconsistent charts of accounts. Each studio’s accountant coded things differently, which made rollups and comparisons messy and unreliable.
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No standard definition of “four-wall economics.” Some P&Ls included owner salaries, some didn’t; some mixed corporate support costs into unit results.
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Fragmented data sources. Royalty reports, QBO files, and internal “pro forma” models didn’t tie out to each other.
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Item 19 lagging the system. The FDD disclosure wasn’t keeping up with current performance, and development was nervous about overselling or undersharing.
What Stratego Did: From Messy Files To A Solid FDD​ Story
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Step 1: Create a Standard Franchise Chart of Accounts
We started with the foundation—a system-wide chart of accounts:
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Defined a standard P&L layout for all franchised units.
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Mapped each studio’s existing QBO file into that structure.
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Grouped expenses into clear buckets: revenue, COGS, labor, occupancy, marketing, tech stack, other OPEX.
This allowed apples-to-apples comparisons across every studio in the system.
Step 2: Normalize Unit Economics Across the System
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With a common structure in place, we:
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Built a “Franchise Master” file with P&Ls for every open location.
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Segmented locations by cohort (year opened), market type (urban/suburban), and maturity (ramp vs. stabilized).
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Defined standardized metrics:
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Revenue per active member
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Labor % of revenue
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Rent % of revenue
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Marketing % of revenue
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EBITDA margin / four-wall contribution
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The result: a clear picture of what good looks like for a profitable unit.
Step 3: Rebuild Item 19 from the Ground Up
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Working alongside franchise counsel, we:
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Selected a defensible data set of qualifying studios based on maturity and operating standards.
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Calculated average, median, and quartile performance for key revenue and profit metrics.
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Ensured all calculations could be traced back to source P&Ls in the Franchise Master file.
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Documented the methodology so finance, legal, and development all understood—and could explain—how Item 19 was built.
This turned Item 19 from a “best-case story” into a “here’s what our units actually do” disclosure.
Step 4: Align Development, Ops, and Finance Around One Truth
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We didn’t stop with the FDD. We helped leadership use the new data operationally:
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Built benchmark scorecards for existing franchisees (“top 25%, middle 50%, bottom 25%”).
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Equipped development with clean charts and talking points for discovery days.
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Created simple guardrails for approving new franchisee business plans (e.g., rent caps as % of revenue targets).
Step 5: Install an Ongoing Update Rhythm
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To keep Item 19 and unit economics fresh, we set up:
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A quarterly process to refresh the Franchise Master file from studio P&Ls and royalty data.
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A checklist for when/how to update pro formas and dev materials.
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Clear ownership between finance, legal, and development so no one was guessing who owned what.
The Results
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Standardized P&Ls across the studio network using a single chart of accounts.
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New, defensible Item 19 tied directly to real, verifiable studio performance.
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Development team gained clear, honest talking points for candidate conversations.
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Leadership could see which cohorts and markets outperformed—informing where to prioritize new deals.
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Franchisees received benchmark scorecards, helping underperformers see exactly where they were off.
Need to Clean Up Your Franchise Economics & Item 19?
If you’re a franchisor with growing unit count but messy financials, Item 19 and unit economics can either fuel your growth or slow it down.
We help franchisors:
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Standardize P&Ls across the system
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Build a clean Franchise Master file
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Rebuild Item 19 from verifiable data
Give development a story they can sell—with confidence and integrity